What Are Opioids?
Opioids are a class of substances that work by binding to and activating opioid receptors throughout the brain and body. One of the effects of this receptor activation is a change in the perception of pain. In addition to their role as prescription painkillers, some opioids are also used to manage coughs.”
Since opioids also impact certain neural processes within the reward centers of the brain, some users experience an intense, rewarding euphoria when taking them at high enough doses.
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Opioids include illegal drugs like heroin as well as prescription painkillers, including:
- Oxycodone.
- 10 milligram percocet
- Hydrocodone.
- Codeine.
- Morphine.
- Dilaudid.
- Tramadol.
- Fentanyl.*
Opioid misuse means using these drugs in a way other than prescribed, such as by:3,4
- Taking opioids in higher doses or more often than prescribed.
- Taking someone else’s prescription.
- Combining opioids with alcohol or other drugs to amplify the subjective effects.
- Taking opioids in ways other than prescribed (see below).
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Some people who use opioids to get high may attempt to intensify the euphoria by taking them in ways other than as prescribed. For example, OxyContin is an extended-release opioid intended for the treatment of moderate to severe pain by steadily releasing opiates into the body after being taken orally, however, people who misuse it may crush the pill to bypass the time-release mechanism and snort or inject it instead. oxycodone 5mg
Opioid Misuse Statistics
According to the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an estimated:1
- 2% of Americans 12 years old or older misused opioids in the past year.
- The majority of opioid misuse (94.8%) involved prescription painkillers.
- 8% of people who misuse opioids use heroin.
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Opioid Withdrawal
Opioid withdrawal, while seldom fatal, may involve many unpleasant symptoms. Medical detox can help stabilize a person in withdrawal and make this inevitable hurdle to recovery much more comfortable and bearable.10
Early Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms
Some of the earliest symptoms of opioid withdrawal include:9
- Insomnia.
- Anxiety.
- Agitation.
- Muscle aches and pains.
- Sweating.
- Increasing tearing and runny nose.
- Yawning.
The precise duration and intensity of withdrawal will vary among individuals and will be influenced by the type of opioid having been used; in some cases, the characteristic withdrawal symptoms may change over the course of a somewhat stepwise progression. normal dosage of xanax